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1. Scripting Language Metaphor:
use a special language to enable interactivity (buttons, mouse, etc.), and to allow con-
ditionals, jumps, loops, functions/macros etc. E.g., a small
Toolbook program is as below:
2. Slide Show Metaphor:
A linear presentation by default,although tools exist to perform jumps in slide shows.
3. Hierarchical Metaphor:
User-controllable elements are organized into a tree structure | often used in menu-driven
applications.
4. Iconic/Flow-control Metaphor:
Graphical icons are available in a toolbox, and authoring proceeds by creating a flow

chart with icons attached (Fig. 2.1):

                                                Fig. 2.1: Authorware flowchart


5. Frames Metaphor:
Like Iconic/Flow-control Metaphor; however links between icons are more conceptual, rather than
representing the actual flow of the program (Fig. 2.2):


6. Card/Scripting Metaphor:
Uses a simple indexcard structure | easy route to producing applications that use
hypertext or hypermedia; used in schools.


7. Cast/Score/Scripting Metaphor:

•  Time is shown horizontally; like a spreadsheet: rows, or tracks, represent instantiations of characters in a multi-media production.

• Multimedia elements are drawn from a cast of characters, and scripts are basically event-procedures or procedures

• that are triggered by timer events.Director, by Macromedia, is the chief example of thismetaphor. Director uses the Lingo scripting language,an object-oriented event-driven language.